??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???, ???????????????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

Transdermal drug delivery has long been a sought-after target for pharmaceutical development, offering a more convenient alternative to traditional injection methods. Recently, dissolving microneedle patches have emerged as a innovative solution in this field. These tiny patches, composed of biodegradable polymers studded with microscopic needles,